中共十七大开幕

中共第十七次全国代表大会 促台协商结束敌对 胡吁和平统一 二零零七年十月十五日 下午四时二十二分 （北京15日综合电）中共第十七次全国代表大会今天上午开幕，中共总书记胡锦涛发表报告指出，将坚持改革开放，坚持社会和谐，全面实现小康社会，并发展“社会主义民主政治”。在对台湾的部分，除了“反台独”外，他重申“和平统一”，呼吁协商结束敌对状态，达成和平协议。 中共十七大上午在重重警卫下的北京人民大会堂揭幕，在开幕式中，与会者先对毛泽东、周恩来、刘少奇、朱德、邓小平、陈云等已故的老一辈无产阶级革命家和革命先烈默哀。 中共总书记胡锦涛在开幕仪式后发表作题为“高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗”政治报告，指要建设和谐社会，有效防腐败。 12个子题报告 报告多达64页，分成12个子题，报告时间从上午9时多一直读到11时半，长达两个多小时，过程中一些人不耐枯躁打瞌睡，几名在主席台列席的元老身体受不了，途中还得叫人先扶持出去休息上厕所再回来听报告。 胡锦涛报告的12个子题依序为：“1、过去5年的工作；2、改革开放的伟大历史进程；3、深入贯彻落实科学发展观；4、实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标的新要求；5、促进国民经济又好又快发展；6、坚定不移发展社会主义民主政治。7、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣；8、加快推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设； 9、开创国防和军队现代化建设新局面；10、推进一国两制实践和祖国和平统一大业；11、始终不渝走和平发展道路；12、以改革创新精神全面推进党的建设新的伟大工程。” 构建两岸和平框架 胡锦涛在讲完港澳政策后，接著对台湾问题作报告指出，一个中国是两岸关系和平发展的政治基础。台湾任何政党，只要承认一中，都可以交流对话。他郑重呼吁，在一个中国原则的基础上，协商正式结束两岸敌对状态，达成和平协议，构建两岸关系和平发展框架，开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。 胡锦涛指出，当前，台独分裂势力加紧进行分裂活动，严重危害两岸关系和平发展。任何涉及中国主权和领土完整的问题，必须由包括台湾同胞在内的全中国人民共同决定。中央愿以最大诚意、尽最大努力实现两岸和平统一，绝不允许任何人以任何名义任何方式把台湾从祖国分割出去。 主张推动和谐世界 关于对外交往和国际关系，胡锦涛表示，主张各国人民携手努力，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路。中国将始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略。中国坚持在和平共处5项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作。 胡锦涛在报告的最后部分指出，中国特色社会主义事业是改革创新的事业。党要站在时代前列带领人民不断开创事业发展新局面，必须以改革创新精神加强自身建设，始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。 李克强习近平受关注 中共十七大今天开幕后将一直开到21日闭幕，下午开始分组开会，将开放34个代表团让记者采访，其中省市代表团全部开放，唯独“台湾代表团”将不开放采访。 十七大最受关注的仍是中央政治局常委和委员的人事异动，十七大党代表将选举新一届中央委员会，待十七大闭幕后，再召开十七届中央委员会第一次全体会议，选出十七届中央政治局委员及常委。 新一届的中共中央政治局成员，不但作为中国未来5年的领导班子，包括十八大将接下中共总书记棒子的未来领导人也会进入政治局，甚至担任政治局常委。因此，包括辽宁省委书记李克强、上海市委书记习近平等未来领导人热门人选，在大会上一举一动都备受媒体关注。 胡：过去5年中国经济实力大升 胡锦涛的政府工作报告，主题以全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗为核心主题，以“新的历史起点”为中心，阐述中共未来的执政理念。 报告提出的历史“新起点”，是站在中共要领导国人实现中告中深刻阐述的“科学发展观”，已被定位于同毛泽东思想、邓小平理论及江泽民的“三个代表”思想并列的地位，值得注意的是，三个代表还只是被形容为“重要思想”，而科学发展观将被定位“战略思想”。这和十七大前的相关展览中将胡锦涛的画像与毛、邓、江3 人并列的举动，有异曲同工之妙。 建设小康社会 胡锦涛说，十七大是在中国改革发展关键时期召开的重要会议。现时全球发展机遇挑战都是前所未有，全党要高举中国社会主义特色发展旗帜，全面建设小康社会，完成时代赋予的祟高使命。 他表示，过去5年中国经济实力大幅上升，经济效益提高，中国国内年均生产总值增长在10%以上，物价基本稳定，十一五规划进展顺利，抗击SARS取得成功。 他说，居民消费结构优化，衣食住行用水准不断提高，享有的公共服务明显增强。民主法制建设取得新进步。政治体制改革稳步推进。 承认与期待有差距 同时，胡锦涛在政治报告中承认，中共的工作与人民的期待还有不小差距，前进中还面临不少困难和问题。 他说，党的政执能力建设和先进性建设深入进行，理论创新和理论武装卓有成就。保持共产党员先进教育活动取得重大成果。党内民主不断扩大，领导班子和干部队伍建设特别是干部教育培训取得重要进展。党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争成效明显。 但他承认，在看到成绩的同时，也要清醒认识到，政府的工作与人民的期待还有不小差距，前进中还面临不少困难和问题。中共要高度重视这些问题，继续认真加以解决。 机遇大于挑战 胡锦涛指出，当今世界正在发生广泛而深刻的变化，当代中国正在发生广泛而深刻的变革。机遇前所未有，挑战也前所未有，机遇大于挑战。全党必须坚定不移地高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，带领人民从新的历史起点出发，抓住和用好重要战略机遇期，求真务实，锐意进取，继续全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化，完成时代赋予的崇高使命。 胡锦涛说，香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定，与中国经贸关系更加紧密。两岸政党交流成功开启，人员往来和经济文化交流达到新水平。 提及文革 胡锦涛在报告中提及文革，指彻底否定“以阶级斗争为纲”的错误理论和实践，具巨大的政治勇气和理论勇气。 胡锦涛说，面对十年“文化大革命”造成的危难局面，党的第二代中央领导集体坚持解放思想、实事求是，以巨大的政治勇气和理论勇气，科学评价毛泽东和毛泽东思想，彻底否定“以阶级斗争为纲”的错误理论和实践，作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经济建设上来、实行改革开放的历史性决策，确立社会主义初级阶段基本路线，吹响走自己的路、建设中国特色社会主义的时代号角，创立邓小平理论，指引全党全国各族人民在改革开放的伟大征程上阔步前进。 China's Hu says Communist Party must stay in charge BEIJING (Reuters) - China's Communist Party must stay firmly in charge as the nation embraces economic and social change, President Hu Jintao said on Monday in an agenda-setting speech vowing tightly controlled political reforms. In a "state of the nation" report to the 17th Party Congress, Hu said that the country he has led for five years would pursue an increasingly open economy but also had to surmount social fissures and an environment battered by breakneck growth. "Our economic growth is realised at an excessively high cost of resources and the environment," he said, drawing dutiful applause from carefully chosen delegates. But Hu said the country's future was promising -- and even some political loosening was possible -- as long as the Communist Party maintained its long-unchallenged domination. "China is going through a wide-ranging and deep-going transformation. This brings us unprecedented opportunities as well as unprecedented challenges," Hu told over 2,200 delegates -- one of them his predecessor Jiang Zemin, who appeared to doze through stretches of Hu's recital of slogans and goals. "We must uphold the Party's role as the core of leadership in directing the overall situation and coordinating the efforts of all quarters," Hu said in the speech lasting more than two hours. The five-yearly Congress is a chance for Hu to spell out his agenda for the next half of his presidency, entrench his doctrine of a "harmonious society" free of discontent, and promote officials who will enforce his policies and probably emerge as top leaders five years hence. But the tight security, with rings of police stopping ordinary citizens getting anywhere near the carefully vetted delegates, underscored how wary Hu and his colleagues are of any challenge to their one-party rule. "Look at all those police," observed cab driver Wang Jiandong. "Not even a bird could fly over." As the economy grew, the Party would also allow the country's increasingly diverse and often restive citizens to have a bigger say in government, he said. "Citizens' participation in political affairs will expand in an orderly way," he said. Hu also promised to develop a more technologically savvy defence force. But he suggested that China's international environment was generally benign and offered an olive branch to Taiwan, the self-ruled island that Beijing claims as its own. "The international balance of power is changing in favour of the maintenance of world peace," said Hu, whose government helped broker a nascent nuclear disarmament deal with North Korea. In the afternoon, officials opened up certain provincial delegations to the media and for the first time reporters were invited to ask questions -- though no delegate was heard criticising Hu's speech. DEVELOPMENT A PRIORITY Hu has presided over five years of rapid growth during which China has become a major economic and diplomatic power, an emergence that will be sealed with its hosting of the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. As if on cue, China's main stock index rose above 6,000 points for the first time on Monday. But China is also straining with threats to its model of stable development, including a gulf between rich and poor, polluted skies and waterways and official corruption, all of which are fuelling social unrest. Hu's speech, with its stress on economic development, suggested that he wants to graft environmental and equity measures onto growth, and not fundamentally reorder priorities. Hu said it would be "through development that we guarantee social equity and justice," while promising efforts to reducing the income gap and address public complaints about expensive schools and hospitals. "Harmonious society" and the slogan "scientific outlook of development" that aims to balance growth with environmental sustainability are set to be written into Party documents, a victory for Hu in a system where ideological formulas are a currency of political power. The cautious political reforms Hu flagged included expanded public hearings on proposed laws and policies, a "master plan" to streamline bureaucracy and measures to expose party leaders, including himself, to greater scrutiny from other officials. "Power must be exercised in the sunshine to ensure that it is exercised correctly," Hu said. "His comment on enhancing ways that citizens can be involved suggests that one of the ways in which you enhance stability is by getting citizens more involved in politics," said David Zweig, of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. But participation is unlikely to come at the cost of the Party's control. Dissidents have been detained and thousands of petitioners rounded up to stop them lobbying officials directly with calls for justice.

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Google Video | October 16, 2007

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